A MySQL database uses all InnoDB tables and is configured as follows;

You will be setting up a replication slave by using mysqldump. You will need a consistent backup taken from your running production server. The process should have minimal impact to active database connections.
Which two arguments will you pass to mysqldump to achieve this?

A MySQL Server has been running an existing application successfully for six months. The my.cnf is adjusted to contain this additional configuration:

The MySQL Server is restarted without error.
What effect will the new configuration have on existing account?

You are no longer able to log in to an existing MySQL Server because the root password credentials not working. You need to reset the root password to complete various administrative tasks. What are the two major methods that will achieve this?

You have installed MySQL Server for the first time on your system. However, the data directory along with the tables in the mysql system database are missing. Which step do you perform to create the contents of the data directory?

After analysis on the slow query log on a high-end OLTP service, the table identified in the slow queries is:

What are the two most likely reasons for the slowness given this output?