Explanation:
Following are the terms with their descriptions:

A Trojan horse is a malicious software program that contains hidden code and masquerades itself as a normal
program. When a Trojan horse program is run, its hidden code runs to destroy or scramble data on the hard
disk. An example of a Trojan horse is a program that masquerades as a computer logon to retrieve user
names and password information. The developer of a Trojan horse can use this information later to gain
unauthorized access to computers. Trojan horses are normally spread by e-mail attachments. Ping sweep is a
technique used to determine which of a range of IP addresses map to live hosts. It consists of ICMP ECHO
requests sent to multiple hosts. If a given address is live, it will return an ICMP ECHO reply. A ping is often
used to check that a network device is functioning. To disable ping sweeps on a network, administrators can
block ICMP ECHO requests from outside sources. However, ICMP TIMESTAMP and ICMP INFO can be used
in a similar manner. Spamware is software designed by or for spammers to send out automated spam e-mail.
Spamware is used to search for e-mail addresses to build lists of e-mail addresses to be used either for
spamming directly or to be sold to spammers. The spamware package also includes an e-mail harvesting tool.
A backdoor is any program that allows a hacker to connect to a computer without going through the normal
authentication process. The main advantage of this type of attack is that the network traffic moves from inside
a network to the hacker's computer. The traffic moving from inside a network to the outside world is typically
the least restrictive, as companies are more concerned about what comes into a network, rather than what
leaves it. It, therefore, becomes hard to detect backdoors.

THC-Scan and ToneLoc are tools used for war dialing. A war dialer is a tool that is used to scan thousands of telephone numbers to detect vulnerable modems. It provides the attacker unauthorized access to a computer. Answer option D is incorrect. NetStumbler is a Windows-based tool that is used for the detection of wireless LANs using the IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b, and 802.11g standards. It detects wireless
networks and marks their relative position with a GPS. It uses an 802.11 Probe Request
that has been sent to the broadcast destination address.
Answer option B is incorrect. Wingate is a proxy server.

Explanation
Explanation:
Category 3 type of UTP cable uses four pairs of twisted cable and provides transmission speeds of up to 16 Mbps. They are commonly used in Ethernet networks that operate at the speed of 10 Mbps. A higher speed is also possible by these cables implementing the Fast Ethernet (100Base-T4) specifications. This cable is used mainly for telephone systems.
Answer option C is incorrect. This category of UTP cable is the most commonly used cable in present day networks. It consists of four twisted pairs and is used in those Ethernet networks that run at the speed of 100 Mbps. Category 5 cable can also provide a higher speed of up to 1000 Mbps.
Answer option A is incorrect. It is also known as Category 5 Enhanced cable. Its specification is the same as category 5, but it has some enhanced features and is used in Ethernets that run at the speed of 1000 Mbps.
Answer option D is incorrect. This category of UTP cable is designed to support high-speed networks that run at the speed of 1000 Mbps. It consists of four pairs of wire and uses all of them for data transmission. Category
6 provides more than twice the speed of Category 5e, but is also more expensive.