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Scenario
Instructions
You have been hired as a part of the Red Team at CEHORG, an IT and ITES organization that deals with advanced research and development in the field of information security. It has offices all over the country connected in real-time by its network infrastructure.
Your organization is worried about rising cybersecurity incidents and has entrusted you with a comprehensive security audit of the complete infrastructure.
CEHORG's internal network consists of several subnets housing various organizational units like any large organization. The front office is connected to a separate subnet that connects to the company's public-facing computers. The company has installed multiple kiosks to help customers understand their products and services. The front office also has Wi-Fi connectivity to cater to the users who carry their smartphones and laptops.
The CEHORG's internal network is made up of Militarized and Demilitarized zones. As a security precaution and by design, all the internal resource zones are configured with different subnet IPs.
The militarized zone houses the application servers that provide application frameworks for various departments. The Demilitarized Zone contains public-facing systems of the organization, such as web and mail servers. The headquarters' network topology and protocols are replicated worldwide in all its satellite offices for efficient communication with the headquarters.
Description
CEH Practical exam presents you with 20 challenges built on the ethical hacking domains covered in the C|EH program. The exam hosts multiple hidden machines, each containing a set of vulnerable applications and services. You must apply your knowledge and skills in various ethical hacking domains and solve the challenges. The exam duration is 6 hours. Each challenge in CEH Practical weighs 10 points, and you are required to solve a minimum of 14 challenges out of 20, which would sum up to 140 points, to become a CEH (Practical) Credential Holder.
On the cyber range, you will have access to Ethical Hacker Workstations, EH Workstation - 1 and EH Workstation - 2. EH Workstation - 1 is a Parrot Security machine and EH Workstation
- 2 is a Windows 11 machine. You can switch to these machines from the Resources tab.
Please note that there are a maximum of 3 attempts for each challenge.
Available target networks:
10.10.55.0/24
192.168.44.0/24
192.168.200.0/24
Exclusions:
10.10.55.1, 10.10.55.2
192.168.44.1, 192.168.44.2
192.168.200.1, 192.168.200.2
The credentials to access EH Workstation - 1 (Parrot Security) machine are as below:
Username: attacker Password: toor
The credentials to access EH Workstation - 2 (Windows 11) are as below:
Username: Admin Password: Pa$$w0rd
The credentials to access OpenVAS on EH Workstation - 1 (Parrot Security) machine are as below:
Username: admin Password: password
To open OpenVAS tool, click Applications at the top of the Desktop window and navigate to Pentesting → Vulnerability Analysis → Openvas - Greenbone → Start Greenbone Vulnerability Manager Service to launch OpenVAS tool.
Note: You can use username.txt and password.txt available on the Desktop of the EH Workstation - 1 (Parrot Security) machine for any credentials/password cracking attempt.
Flags
Challenge:
Analyze the traffic capture from an IoT network located in the Documents folder of the "EH Workstation -1" (ParrotSecurity) machine, identify the packet with IoT Publish Message, and enter the topic as the answer. (Format: Aaaa*Aaaa)

A zero-day vulnerability is actively exploited in a critical web server, but no vendor patch is available. What should be the FIRST step to manage this risk?

During enumeration, a tool sends requests to UDP port 161 and retrieves a large list of installed software due to a publicly known community string. What enabled this technique to work so effectively?

At Norwest Freight Services, a rotating audit team is asked to evaluate host exposure across multiple departments following a suspected misconfiguration incident. Simon, a junior analyst working from a trusted subnet, initiates a network-wide scan using the default configuration profile of his assessment tool. The tool completes quickly but returns only partial insights such as open service ports and version banners while deeper registry settings, user policies, and missing patches remain unreported. Midway through the report review, Simon notices that system login prompts were never triggered during scanning, and no credential failures were logged in the SIEM. Which type of vulnerability scan BEST explains the behavior observed in Simon's assessment?

In a recent cyber-attack against a large corporation, an unknown adversary compromised the network and began escalating privileges and lateral movement. The security team identified that the adversary used a sophisticated set of techniques, specifically targeting zero-day vulnerabilities. As a Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH) hired to understand this attack and propose preventive measures, which of the following actions will be most crucial for your initial analysis?