A vulnerability assessment follows a logical sequence:
* d) List the threats that may occur- Identify potential threats first.
* b) Estimate the probability of occurrence of each threat- Assess likelihood next.
* a) Assess the potential impact of the threat on the organization- Evaluate impact after probability.
* c) Assess the internal and external resources available to mitigate the identified threats- Finally, review mitigation resources.This order (d, b, a, c) ensures threats are identified before analyzing their likelihood, impact, and mitigation, aligning with standard risk assessment practices.
* Option A (c, a, d, b):Starts with resources, illogical without threats.
* Option C (b, d, c, a):Probability before listing threats is premature.
* Option D (b, c, d, a):Probability and resources before threats is out of sequence.
* "Vulnerability assessment begins with listing threats, followed by estimating probability, assessing impact, and evaluating mitigation resources in that order (d, b, a, c)" (Module: Risk Management, Section: Vulnerability Assessment Steps).

RAID 3 uses striping with a dedicated parity drive, meeting all requirements: parity for reconstruction, good speed (sequential access), and lower cost than RAID 10 or RAID 1 (fewer drives than RAID 10). Option C duplicates RAID 1, likely a typo.
* Option A (RAID 10):Mirroring and striping, expensive, no parity drive.
* Option B/C (RAID 1):Mirroring, no parity, costly for multiple drives.
* Option D (RAID 3):Parity-based, cost-effective, meets all criteria.
* "RAID 3 employs a dedicated parity drive for data reconstruction, offering good performance and cost- efficiency for backup solutions" (Module: Storage Technologies, Section: RAID Levels).

Managed Disaster Recovery (MDR) involves third-party services handling backups and offsite replication, providing a comprehensive solution for data protection and recovery. This fits the description of outsourcing backup and replication to an external provider.
* Option A (Continuous Data Protection):Real-time backup technology, not inherently third-party or offsite-focused.
* Option C (Tape Vaulting):Offsite tape storage, but not replication-focused and typically manual, not managed.
* Option D (Disk Shadowing):A form of mirroring, not third-party or offsite by definition.
* "Managed Disaster Recovery leverages third-party expertise for offsite replication and backups, ensuring robust data protection with minimal internal overhead" (Module: Disaster Recovery Strategies, Section: Managed Services).