Which tunneling mechanism provides confidentiality and tunneling capabilities?

You are designing a fabricpath network that connects to a spine-and-leaf topology using Layer 2 IS-IS as the IGP. The solution must be able to detect changes in the network topology and calculate loop-free paths to other nodes in the network that are being used as top-of -rack switches, which three characteristics of this fabricpath design solution are true? (Choose three)

When a design calls for spanning VLANs across a campus network, what are two issues that need to be addressed in the design? (Choose two.)

Refer to the exhibit.

RTR 1 uses RTR 2 as the primary WAN exit point. When a failure occurs in the link connected to RTR 2 LAN, it takes about 40 seconds for RTR 1 to use the backup path via
RTR 3.
Which two mechanisms can be used independently to improve the failure detection time to
1 second or less when RTR 1 failover to RTR3? (Choose two.)

20
You are evaluating convergence characteristics of various interior gateway protocols for a new network design. Which technology allows link-state routing protocols to calculate paths to destination prefixes that are functionally similar to feasible successors in Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol?