Gram positive organisms resist decolorization by ethyl alcohol. The large crystal violet-iodine complex is not able to penetrate the peptidoglycan layer, and is trapped within the cell in gram-positive organisms.
Conversely, the outer membrane of gram-negative organisms is degraded and the thinner peptidoglycan layer of gram-negative cells is unable to retain the crystal violet-iodine complex and the color is lost.
What is the purpose of using ethyl alcohol or acetone in the gram stain procedure:

Post-hepatic obstruction is characterized by a marked increase in alkaline phosphatase, GGT, conjugated bilirubin, as well as other hepatic enzymes. The slight rise of ALT suggests that the issue is not hepatitis.
Renal and cardiovascular failure do not match the symptom of jaundice or the abnormal laboratory values.
Chem
Which of the following conditions would be suggested by a jaundiced patient experiencing a marked rise in alkaline phosphatase, conjugated bilirubin, and a slight rise in ALT:

Howell-Jolly bodies are composed of DNA, usually left from the nucleus, that appears as a round, dark-staining inclusion in the cytoplasm of red blood cells. Howell-Jolly bodies can be found in various conditions including splenectomy and anemia.
Remnants of erythrocyte nuclei, nuclear fragments, or aggregates of chromosomes are called:

Serological diagnosis of active or recent infection generally requires the demonstration of IgM antibody, or the demonstration of a fourfold rise in the titer of specific IgG antibody.
Which of the following would be considered most significant as it relates to serological testing:

Match each of the following definitions associated with heart disease and heart failure to the term that it defines.
1. Congestive heart failure
2. Infarction
3. Ischemia
4. Angina