Prototyping assist the stakeholders in visualizing the appearance and capabilities of a planned solution. (BABOK v 3.0 - IIBA - guide)

Explanation
Job shadowing is an elicitation process that is a part of job observation. In this process, the observer is required to keep an eye on those workers whose work routine is down and who are unable to explain their work. The observer has to understand their work process for better assessment of the modifications of the work required.
The following are the approaches for this technique:
Passive/Invisible. In this approach, the observer does not ask questions from the user about his work while the user is working.
Active/Visible. In this approach, the observer does ask questions from the user about his work even when the user is working.

Explanation
Change-driven approaches to business analysis deal with rapid delivery of the business value. The business value is delivered in short iterations in return for acceptance of a higher degree of uncertainty regarding the overall delivery of the solution. The change-driven approaches are preferred while taking an exploratory approach for incremental improvement of an existing solution.
Answer D is incorrect. Iterative is not a valid business analysis approach.
Answer C is incorrect. The plan-driven approach defines business analysis activities. This approach is used to
focus on minimizing up-front uncertainty and to ensure that the solution is fully defined before implementation begins in order to maximize control and minimize risk. It is preferred when requirements are effectively defined in advance of implementation.
Answer A is incorrect. Progressive elaboration describes the project management approach of refining requirements and project scope, not the business analysis approach.