Functions: There are three things we can do with a given datum:
. Read, View/read the data, including creating, copying, file transfers, dissemination, and other exchanges of information.
* Process. Perform a transaction on the data; update it; use it in a business processing transaction, etc.
. Store, Hold the data (in a file, database, etc.).

Indirect identifiers typically consist of demographic or socioeconomic information, dates, or events.
Although each standalone indirect identifier cannot identify the individual, the risk is that combining a number of indirect identifiers with external data can result in exposing the subject of the information.
For example, imagine a scenario in which users were able to combine search engine data, coupled with online streaming recommendations to tie back posts and recommendations to individual users on a website.

This is a process known as the business impact analysis(BIA). We determine a value for every asset(usually in terms of dollars),,what it would cost the organization if we lost that asset(either temporarily or permanently), what it would cost to replace or repair that asset, and any alternate methods for dealing with that loss.

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