Stock warrants and options are only considered if they dilute the earnings available to common shareholders.

A fixed rate in U.S. dollar swapped for floating rate in U.S. dollar is just a plain vanilla interest rate swap. Hence, this structure would not involve a currency swap and it would not constitute a correct answer.

Business risk results from economic factors and operating leverage.

I). However, merchandise shipped 'FOB shipping point' becomes the property of the buyer as soon as the goods leave the shipping point of the seller.
II). If the ending inventory is understated, cost of goods sold will be overstated and the net income for the same period will be understated. The retained earnings however, will be understated, because understated net income for the period will be closed to the Retained Earnings account to the Retained
Earnings account.
III). When ending inventory is overstated, the net income of the period will also be overstated. With ending inventory becoming the beginning inventory of the subsequent period, the error will cause the net income of the following period to be understated.
IV). The overstated ending inventory will become the beginning inventory of the subsequent year, overstating the cost of merchandise available for sale and the cost of goods sold of the subsequent year, and understating net income.