According to the UK GDPR, the controller and the processor must support the data protection officer in performing the tasks referred to in Article 39 by providing resources necessary to carry out those tasks and access to personal data and processing operations, and to maintain his or her expert knowledge1. The controller and the processor must also ensure that the data protection officer does not receive any instructions regarding the exercise of those tasks and that he or she reports directly to the highest management level of the controller or the processor1.

The GDPR establishes a two-tier system of administrative fines for infringements of its provisions, depending on the nature, gravity, and duration of the infringement, as well as other factors such as the intentional or negligent character of the infringement, the actions taken to mitigate the damage, the degree of co-operation with the supervisory authority, and any previous infringements1. The lower tier of fines can be up to 10 million euros or 2% of the total worldwide annual turnover of the preceding financial year, whichever is higher1. The lower tier of fines applies to infringements of the GDPR relating to the following aspects1:
* The obligations of the controller and the processor pursuant to Articles 8, 11, 25 to 39, and 42 and 43;
* The obligations of the certification body pursuant to Articles 42 and 43;
* The obligations of the monitoring body pursuant to Article 41 (4). The higher tier of fines can be up to
20 million euros or 4% of the total worldwide annual turnover of the preceding financial year, whichever is higher1. The higher tier of fines applies to infringements of the GDPR relating to the following aspects1:
* The basic principles for processing, including conditions for consent, pursuant to Articles 5, 6, 7, and 9;
* The data subjects' rights pursuant to Articles 12 to 22;
* The transfers of personal data to a recipient in a third country or an international organisation pursuant to Articles 44 to 49;
* Any obligations pursuant to Member State law adopted under Chapter IX;
* Non-compliance with an order or a temporary or definitive limitation on processing or the suspension of data flows by the supervisory authority pursuant to Article 58 (2) or failure to provide access in violation of Article 58 (1). Therefore, higher fines are assessed for GDPR violations due to violations of a data subject's rights, as these are among the infringements that fall under the higher tier of fines. Data subjects' rights are the rights granted to individuals whose personal data are processed by controllers or processors, such as the right to access, rectify, erase, restrict, object, or port their data, as well as the right to be informed, to withdraw consent, and to lodge a complaint1. Violations of these rights can cause significant harm to the data subjects and undermine the objectives of the GDPR. Therefore, option D is the correct answer. References: Art. 83 GDPR - General conditions for imposing administrative fines, Article 83 GDPR - GDPRhub

The right to data portability only applies when the processing is based on the data subject's consent or on a contract with the data subject12. Therefore, if the processing is necessary for a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the controller, the right to data portability does not apply12. This is because the data subject does not have a direct influence on the purpose or the means of the processing in such cases3. References: 1: Article 20 of the GDPR 2: Right to data portability | ICO 3: The right to data portability (Article 20 of the GDPR)

Reference https://www.privacy-regulation.eu/en/article-37-designation-of-the-data-protection-officer- GDPR.htm