Explanation
The PCI SSC (Payment Card Industry Security Standards Council) is the organization that develops and maintains the PCI Card Production Standards and related validation requirements, programs, and supporting documentation. The PCI SSC also provides training and qualification for CPSA Companies and CPSA Employees to perform PCI Card Production Assessments. The PCI SSC is the best source of guidance and clarification for any questions or issues related to the assessment process, testing methods, reporting requirements, and interpretation of the standards. The assessor can contact the PCI SSC by email, phone, or online form, as specified in the CPSA Program Guide1. The payment brands, issuing banks, and vendors are not responsible for defining or explaining the assessment requirements or testing methods, and may not have the same level of expertise or authority as the PCI SSC. References:
Card Production Security Assessor (CPSA) Program Guide, Section 2.1 and 5.1 Card Production Security Assessor (CPSA) Qualification Requirements, Section 1.1 and 2.1

Explanation
According to the PCI CPSA Qualification Requirements, one of the administrative requirements for CPSA Companies is to notify the VPA of any changes to the roles of CPSA Employees or other personnel that directly affect the security of card products and related components. This is to ensure that the CPSA Company maintains the quality and integrity of the CPSA Program and the PCI Card Production Security Standards. The VPA should be notified within 10 business days of the change, and the CPSA Company should provide evidence of the qualifications and training of theaffected personnel. References: PCI CPSA Qualification Requirements, Version 1.1, April 2020, Section 6.1.3, Page 121

Explanation
According to the PCI Card Production and Provisioning Logical Security Requirements, Secure Element (SE) provisioning is the process of adding cardholder account information to a secure element on a mobile device via an over-the-air or over-the-internet communication channel. A secure element is a tamper-resistant platform that can securely host applications and their confidential and cryptographic data. A SIM card is an example of a secure element that can be used for mobile payments. SE provisioning is different from Host Card Emulation (HCE) provisioning, which is the process of adding cardholder account information to a cloud-based server that emulates a secure element on a mobile device. SE provisioning is also different from card personalization, which is the process of adding cardholder account information to a physical card.
Over-the-air (OTA) provisioning is a generic term that can refer to either SE or HCE provisioning, depending on the type of mobile payment system used. References: PCI Card Production and Provisioning Logical Security Requirements and Test Procedures v3.0, January 2022, pages 6-71

Explanation
According to the PCI Card Production Logical Security Requirements, a vendor's HSA access must be enforced by a security turnstile that has a logical access-control system that ensures anti pass-back. This means that the system must prevent a person from using the same badge to enter or exit the HSA more than once without completing the access cycle. The access cycle is the process of entering or exiting the HSA through the turnstile, which may involve biometric verification, PIN entry, or other authentication methods. The status of the access must change upon initial presentation of an authorised badge, prior to completion of the access cycle, to prevent another person from using the same badge to enter or exit the HSA. For example, if a person presents an authorised badge to enter the HSA, the system must register that the badge is inside the HSA and deny access to anyone else who tries to use the same badge until the person exits the HSA with the same badge. References: PCI Card Production Logical Security Requirements, v2.0, April 2019, page 12

Explanation
According to the PCI Card Production and Provisioning Physical Security Requirements, the HSA Access Control system must enforce both dual control and dual presence principles. Dual control means that at least two authorized individuals must act together to perform a critical function or access a sensitive area. Dual presence means that at least two authorized individuals must be physically present in the same area at all times. These principles are intended to prevent unauthorized or fraudulent activities by requiring mutual supervision and accountability. Therefore, the HSA Access Control system must ensure that no single individual can enter, exit, or operate within the HSA without the cooperation and the presence of another authorized individual. References:
PCI Card Production and Provisioning Physical Security Requirements, Version 1.0, April 2019, page
121
PCI Card Production and Provisioning Physical Security Requirements, Version 1.0, April 2019, page
131