Thecoupon rateof the bond remains fixed at5%, as it is based on the bond's original par value of $100.
Thecurrent yield, however, decreases because the bond's price has increased to $102.75. Current yield is calculated as:
Current Yield=Coupon PaymentCurrent Price\text{Current Yield} = \frac{\text{Coupon Payment}}{\text
{Current Price}}Current Yield=Current PriceCoupon Payment
Given:
* Coupon Payment= $5
* Current Price= $102.75
Current Yield=5102.75#4.87%\text{Current Yield} = \frac{5}{102.75} \approx 4.87\%Current Yield=102.
755#4.87%
* A. The coupon is higher than 5%: The coupon remains fixed at 5%.
* B. The current yield is higher than 5%: The current yield is lower than 5% due to the increased price.
* D. The coupon is lower than 5%: The coupon does not change with the bond's price.

The FTSE Canada Universe Bond Index represents a comprehensive cross-section of investment-grade government and corporate bonds denominated in Canadian dollars. It includes bonds with a term to maturity of one year or more and excludes high-yield (non-investment-grade) bonds.
* A. It measures the total price return on bonds including realized and unrealized gains: The index does not account for realized gains; it tracks price movements and interest income.
* C. It includes Canadian investment-grade bonds with a term to maturity of one year or less: Bonds in this index must have a term to maturity of at least one year, not less.
* D. It is an equal-weighted bond index with each bond representing the same weight within the index:
The FTSE Canada Universe Bond Index is capitalization-weighted, not equal-weighted.

Along-term bond with a low couponwill maximize capital gains when interest rates fall. Here's why:
* Long-term bondsare more sensitive to interest rate changes due to their longer duration, which amplifies the price movement.
* Low coupon bondsare more affected by changes in interest rates compared to high coupon bonds because more of their value comes from the principal repayment rather than periodic interest payments.
Other options:
* Short-term bonds: Have lower duration and less sensitivity to interest rate changes, so they do not maximize capital gains.
* High coupon bonds: Are less sensitive to interest rate changes because of their higher periodic cash flows.
References:
* Volume 1, Chapter 7:Fixed-Income Securities: Pricing and Trading, section on "Impact of Maturity and Coupon on Bond Prices" explains the relationship between interest rate changes, bond duration, and price sensitivity.

The Bank of Canada estimates that the effects of changes in monetary policy take approximately 18 months to fully work through the entire economy. This lag exists because monetary policy impacts various sectors, such as consumer spending, business investment, and trade, at different speeds.
* B. 6 months: This is too short a timeframe for the full effects of monetary policy to materialize.
* C. 3 months: Immediate impacts may be seen in financial markets, but the broader economic effects require longer.
* D. 36 months: This is far longer than the typical lag for monetary policy effects.
Reference:CSC Volume 1, Chapter 5, "Monetary Policy - Time Lag in Effects" discusses the estimated 18- month lag for monetary policy impacts.