The Secure Internet Access (SIA) use case that minimizes individual workstation or device setup is SIA for agentless remote users. This use case does not require installing FortiClient on endpoints or configuring explicit web proxy settings on web browser-based endpoints, making it the simplest and most efficient deployment.
SIA for Agentless Remote Users:
Agentless deployment allows remote users to connect to the SIA service without needing to install any client software or configure browser settings.
This approach reduces the setup and maintenance overhead for both users and administrators.
Minimized Setup:
Without the need for FortiClient installation or explicit proxy configuration, the deployment is straightforward and quick.
Users can securely access the internet with minimal disruption and administrative effort.
FortiOS 7.2 Administration Guide: Details on different SIA deployment use cases and configurations.
FortiSASE 23.2 Documentation: Explains how SIA for agentless remote users is implemented and the benefits it provides.

Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) private access provides the most efficient and secure method for remote users to access a TCP-based application hosted on a private web server. ZTNA ensures that only authenticated and authorized users can access specific applications based on predefined policies, enhancing security and access control.
Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA):
ZTNA operates on the principle of "never trust, always verify," continuously verifying user identity and device security posture before granting access.
It provides secure and granular access to specific applications, ensuring that remote users can securely access the TCP-based application hosted on the private web server.
Secure and Efficient Access:
ZTNA private access allows remote users to connect directly to the application without needing a full VPN tunnel, reducing latency and improving performance.
It ensures that only authorized users can access the application, providing robust security controls.
FortiOS 7.2 Administration Guide: Provides detailed information on ZTNA and its deployment use cases.
FortiSASE 23.2 Documentation: Explains how ZTNA can be used to provide secure access to private applications for remote users.

Based on the provided exhibits, the reason why the Win7-Pro endpoint can no longer access the internet through FortiSASE is due to exceeding the total vulnerability detected threshold. This threshold is used to determine if a device is compliant with the security requirements to access the network.
Endpoint Compliance:
FortiSASE monitors endpoint compliance by assessing various security parameters, including the number of vulnerabilities detected on the device.
The compliance status is indicated by the ZTNA tags and the vulnerabilities detected.
Vulnerability Threshold:
The exhibit shows that Win7-Pro has 176 vulnerabilities detected, whereas Win10-Pro has 140 vulnerabilities.
If the endpoint exceeds a predefined vulnerability threshold, it may be restricted from accessing the network to ensure overall network security.
Impact on Network Access:
Since Win7-Pro has exceeded the vulnerability threshold, it is marked as non-compliant and subsequently loses internet access through FortiSASE.
The FortiSASE endpoint profile enforces this compliance check to prevent potentially vulnerable devices from accessing the internet.
FortiOS 7.2 Administration Guide: Provides information on endpoint compliance and vulnerability management.
FortiSASE 23.2 Documentation: Explains how vulnerability thresholds are used to determine endpoint compliance and access control.

FortiSASE hides user information when viewing and analyzing logs by hashing data using salt. This approach ensures that sensitive user information is obfuscated, enhancing privacy and security.
Hashing Data with Salt:
Hashing data involves converting it into a fixed-size string of characters, which is typically a hash value.
Salting adds random data to the input of the hash function, ensuring that even identical inputs produce different hash values.
This method provides enhanced security by making it more difficult to reverse-engineer the original data from the hash value.
Security and Privacy:
Using salted hashes ensures that user information remains secure and private when stored or analyzed in logs.
This technique is widely used in security systems to protect sensitive data from unauthorized access.
FortiOS 7.2 Administration Guide: Provides information on log management and data protection techniques.
FortiSASE 23.2 Documentation: Details on how FortiSASE implements data hashing and salting to secure user information in logs.