What capability should an Integration Architect consider if there is a need to synchronize data changed in Salesforce to a 3rd party with a JSON-based API endpoint?

Universal Containers (UC) has an ERP application where all customer orders are stored. There are millions of customers order stored in the ERP application and a longtime customer may have thousands of individual orders. Additionally, some order information may house personally identifiable information that, due to company policy, can only be stored in ERP. UC would like the five most recent orders displayed on the account page in Salesforce.
How should an Architect design this requirement considering both security and scalability?

Northern Trail Outfitters (NTO) leverages Sales Cloud for tracking and managing leads, accounts, contacts, and opportunities- Orders and order fulfillment is taken care of by an Order Management System (OMS) in the back-office. When an opportunity has changed it's status to "Closed/Won" and there are products attached, the details should be passed to the OMS for fulfillment operations.
The callout from Salesforce to the OMS should be synchronous.
What should an Integration Architect do to satisfy these requirements?

Universal Containers has a requirement for users of a Validation page to be notified of data updates from Salesforce as well as message from other systems in real time.
Which three approaches should be considered when selecting the correct API?
Choose 3 answers

Universal Containers wishes to validate street addresses in Salesforce against their legacy Accounting system,Which is the system of record. Retrieving an Account record in this system takes 7-12 seconds per query, and the address must be validated as quickly as possible to ensure proper order processing.
What integration pattern should an Architect suggest?