Routes learned from an iBGP neighbor are not advertised to other iBGP neighbors. This rule prevents routing loops inside an autonomous system and is the reason mechanisms such as route reflectors or confederations are required.
Routes learned through either iBGP or eBGP can be advertised to eBGP neighbors. This allows prefixes to propagate between autonomous systems.
Routes learned from eBGP peers can be advertised to iBGP peers within the same autonomous system so internal routers can learn external destinations.

InVirtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP), the primary goal is to provide a highly available default gateway for end hosts. However, there is a specific operational behavior in the VRRP standard (RFC 3768
/RFC 5798) regarding how the "Virtual Router" responds to traffic destined for its own Virtual IP (VIP).
According to Juniper Networks documentation, by default, a VRRP router that is in the Master state will only respond to packets destined for the VIP if that router is theIP Address Owner(meaning its physical interface IP matches the VIP). If the router is a "non-owner" (a common configuration in many networks), it will forward traffic on behalf of the VIP but will not respond to management traffic, such asICMP Echo Requests (Pings), directed at the VIP itself.
To satisfy the requirement that "servers connected to the network must be able to ping their gateway," the accept-data (Option D)parameter must be configured. In Junos OS, the accept-data statement allows the VRRP Master to respond to traffic destined for the virtual IP address even if it is not the address owner. This includes responding to Pings and allowing other management connections like SSH or Telnet to the VIP.
Regarding the other options:
* Preempt (Option B):While preempt is often used to ensure the primary router regains control, in Junos, a router with the highest priority (255) defaults to preemptive behavior, and accept-data is specifically what solves the "pinging the gateway" requirement.
* Track (Option A):Tracking is used for failover logic but doesn't affect the ability to ping the VIP.
* Static ARP (Option C):This is unnecessary as VRRP uses a virtual MAC address to ensure hosts can resolve the VIP via standard NDP (for IPv6) or ARP (for IPv4).

The router identifier is used by BGP and OSPF to identify the routing device from which a packet originated. The router identifier usually is the IP address of the local routing device. If you do not configure a router identifier, the IP address of the first interface to come online is used. This is usually the loopback interface. Otherwise, the first hardware interface with an IP address is used In OSPF, if a router ID is not manually configured, Junos OS will automatically select the router ID based on the highest IP address of any of the router's loopback interfaces. If no loopback interface exists, the highest IP address of any active interface will be used. Therefore, answer C is correct.

In Junos OS, understanding the distinction between theRouting Information Base (RIB)and theForwarding Information Base (FIB)is fundamental to analyzing traffic patterns and load-balancing behavior. The RIB (show route) contains all prefixes learned via various protocols, while the FIB (show route forwarding-table) contains only the active next-hops that are actually programmed into the Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE).
According to Juniper Networks technical documentation, the default behavior for Junos OS when encounteringEqual-Cost Multipath (ECMP)routes is to select only a single next-hop from the available candidates in the RIB and install that single path into the FIB. In a default state, even if the show route output displays multiple next-hops for a destination like 172.24.0.0/24, only one would have the active route symbol (
>) and only that one would appear in the forwarding table.
In the provided exhibit, the show route output shows two next-hops for 172.24.0.0/24, but only the first one (172.20.0.2) is marked with the>symbol as the active selection. However, the subsequent show route forwarding-table output reveals thatboth next-hops(172.20.0.2 and 172.20.1.2) are currently present in the forwarding table for that same destination. This discrepancy indicates that thedefault load-balancing behavior has been modified (Option B). This modification is typically achieved by creating a routing policy with the action then load-balance per-packet (which actually results in flow-based load balancing) and applying it to the forwarding table via the export statement under [edit routing-options forwarding-table].
Because the forwarding table now contains both next-hops, the router is no longer restricted to a single path.
Therefore, therouter will choose both next-hops in the routing table (Option D)for packet forwarding, distributing flows across the two available Gigabit Ethernet interfaces (ge-0/0/2.0 and ge-0/0/3.0). This ensures higher utilized bandwidth and provides redundancy at the data plane level.