Explanation
Light-colored paving and cool roofs refer to materials with higher emissivity and higher albedo. Emissivity is the ability of a material to emit heat that it absorbs, while albedo is a measure of how much light that hits a surface is reflected without being absorbed. Materials with high emissivity can help reduce heat islands by releasing more of the heat they absorb, while those with high albedo can reflect more sunlight and thus stay cooler. References: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook, U.S. Green Building Council resources

As of 1996, the Montreal Protocol banned the production of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), a chemical compound known to have ozone-depleting potential. CFCs are synthetic substances that were widely used as refrigerants, propellants, solvents, and foam-blowing agents. CFCs have high ozone depletion potential (ODP), which means they can destroy the ozone layer that protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation. The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty that aims to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances. The Montreal Protocol banned the production of CFCs in 1996 fordeveloped countries and in 2010 for developing countries1 . References: LEED v4 Green Associate Candidate Handbook1, UNEP's Montreal Protocol

Explanation
LEED certification is awarded based on the number of points a project earns across several categories of green building performance. The range of points required to achieve LEED Silver is 50-59, out of a possible 110 points. The other levels of LEED certification are: Certified (40-49 points), Gold (60-79 points), and Platinum (80 or more points)12. Therefore, if a project initially has 34 credit points, it would need 20 additional points to reach the minimum threshold for LEED Silver. References: LEED v4 Green Associate Candidate Handbook1, LEED v4 BD+C Reference Guide2

ASHRAE 189.1 is a standard for the design of high-performance green buildings that covers various aspects of sustainability, energy efficiency, water efficiency, indoor environmental quality, and more. It is an alternate compliance path for the IGCC, which is a model code that contains minimum requirements for green building design and construction. In jurisdictions that adopt the IGCC, a builder has the option to design and construct a building in accordance with the provisions of ASHRAE 189.1 rather than those of the IGCC123.
Reference:
ASHRAE Standard 189.1-2014: Standard for the Design of High-Performance Green Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings (ASHRAE 189.1) | US EPA Smart Growth1 ASHRAE Standard 189.1-2014 - Trane Heating & Air Conditioning2 IgCC and ASHRAE Standard 189.1 Technical Provisions3

LEED Building Design and Construction Homes and Multifamily Low-rise is a rating system that applies to single-family homes and multifamily buildings between one and three stories. This rating system covers the design and construction phases of residential projects that are intended for human occupancy12. Projects that have more than three stories are not eligible for this rating system, but may qualify for other LEED rating systems, such as LEED Building Design and Construction Multifamily Mid-rise, which applies to multifamily buildings between four and eight stories