The obturator foramen is the gap created by the ischium and pubis bones of the pelvis which allows passage for the nerves and blood vessels that supply the leg. The shape of the obturator foramen differ between the sexes with the gap in men being round and in women being oval.

All aspects of the integumentary system are affected by aging. These changes result in thinning of the skin layers, fewer active hair follicles, leading to thin, sparse hair and sebaceous activity, and reduced blood supply. There is also dryness due to reduced sweat.

A latent trigger point only produces pain during palpation.

The tibial nerve is a distal branch of the sciatic nerve which passes through the popliteal fossa where it divides into the medial and lateral plantar nerves.

A joint that feels restricted and lacking in movement is hypomobile. A joint that is lax and loose would be hypermobile.