An SLA for the upstream API CANNOT be provided.
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>> First thing first, the default HTTP response timeout for HTTP connector is 10000 ms (10 seconds). NOT
500 ms.
>> Mule runtime does NOT apply any such "load-dependent" timeouts. There is no such behavior currently in Mule.
>> As there is default 10000 ms time out for HTTP connector, we CANNOT always guarantee that the invocation of the downstream API will run to completion without timing out due to its unreliable SLA times.
If the response time crosses 10 seconds then the request may time out.
The main impact due to this is that a proper SLA for the upstream API CANNOT be provided.

It makes API Manager aware of API implementations and hence enables it to enforce policies.
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>> API Autodiscovery is a mechanism that manages an API from API Manager by pairing the deployed application to an API created on the platform.
>> API Management includes tracking, enforcing policies if you apply any, and reporting API analytics.
>> Critical to the Autodiscovery process is identifying the API by providing the API name and version.
References:
https://docs.mulesoft.com/api-manager/2.x/api-auto-discovery-new-concept
https://docs.mulesoft.com/api-manager/1.x/api-auto-discovery
https://docs.mulesoft.com/api-manager/2.x/api-auto-discovery-new-concept

Increase the size of the CloudHub worker(s)
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The key details that we can take out from the given scenario are:
>> API implementation uses a database bulk insert command to submit all the purchase data to a database
>> JDBC driver processes the data into a set of several temporary disk files on the CloudHub worker
>> Sometimes a request fails and the logs show a message indicating an out-of-file-space message Based on above details:
>> Both auto-scaling options does NOT help because we cannot set auto-scaling rules based on error messages. Auto-scaling rules are kicked-off based on CPU/Memory usages and not due to some given error or disk space issues.
>> Increasing the number of CloudHub workers also does NOT help here because the reason for the failure is not due to performance aspects w.r.t CPU or Memory. It is due to disk-space.
>> Moreover, the API is doing bulk insert to submit the received batch data. Which means, all data is handled by ONE worker only at a time. So, the disk space issue should be tackled on "per worker" basis. Having multiple workers does not help as the batch may still fail on any worker when disk is out of space on that particular worker.
Therefore, the right way to deal this issue and resolve this is to increase the vCore size of the worker so that a new worker with more disk space will be provisioned.