VLAN hopping is a type of attack that allows an attacker to access or manipulate traffic on a different VLAN than the one they are connected to. One way to prevent VLAN hopping is to change the default VLAN on a switch. The default VLAN is the VLAN that is assigned to all ports on a switch by default, usually VLAN 1. If an attacker connects to an unused port on a switch that has not been configured with a specific VLAN, they can access or spoof traffic on the default VLAN. By changing the default VLAN to an unused or isolated VLAN, the network administrator can prevent unauthorized access or interference with legitimate traffic on other VLANs. Reference: https://www.comptia.org/training/books/network-n10-008-study-guide (page 308)

When a user reports being unable to access network resources after making some changes, the network technician should first ask the user what changes were made. This information can help the technician identify the cause of the issue and determine the appropriate course of action.

802.11b (Wi-Fi 1)
11 Mbps
100 meter maximum effective range
802.11a (Wi-Fi 2)
54 Mbps
50 meter maximum effective range

Zero Trust is a security framework that requires all users, whether in or outside the organization's network, to be authenticated, authorized, and continuously validated for security configuration and posture before being granted or keeping access to applications and data. Zero Trust prevents attackers from moving laterally through a system by applying granular policies and controls based on the principle of least privilege and by segmenting and encrypting data flows across the network. Reference: https://partners.comptia.org/docs/default-source/resources/comptia-network-n10-008-exam-objectives-(2-0), https://www.crowdstrike.com/cybersecurity-101/zero-trust-security/