A layer 2 switch is a device that forwards traffic based on MAC addresses within a single network segment or VLAN. A layer 2 switch is best suited for use at the access layer in a three-tier architecture system. The access layer is the layer that connects end devices such as computers, printers, and phones to the network. A layer 2 switch can provide fast and efficient switching for end devices without adding complexity or overhead to the network. Reference: https://www.comptia.org/training/books/network-n10-008-study-guide (page 139)

The ipconfig command is a utility that allows you to view and modify the network configuration of a Windows computer. By running the command "ipconfig /all", you can view detailed information about the network configuration of your computer, including the IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server addresses.
Option A (netstat -a) is a command that displays active network connections and their status, but it does not display IP address or other network configuration information. Option B (ifconfig) is a command used on Linux and Unix systems to view and modify network configuration, but it is not available on Windows. Option C (ip addr) is a command used on Linux and Unix systems to view and modify network configuration, but it is not available on Windows.

Tailgating is when someone follows an authorized person into a restricted area without having the proper credentials. This is usually done by pretending to be with the authorized person, or by offering assistance. Tailgating is a social engineering attack and does not require any technical skill.