DHCP scope exhaustion is the situation when a DHCP server runs out of available IP addresses to assign to clients. DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, which is a network protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses and other configuration parameters to clients on a network. A DHCP scope is a range of IP addresses that a DHCP server can distribute to clients. If the DHCP scope is exhausted, new clients will not be able to obtain an IP address and connect to the network. This can explain why the smart TV was not able to connect to the branch Wi-Fi on the first day, and why the bank laptop lost network access on the next day when the TV was connected. The technician should either increase the size of the DHCP scope or reduce the lease time of the IP addresses to avoid DHCP scope exhaustion. References: [CompTIA Network+ Certification Exam Objectives], DHCP Scope Exhaustion - What Is It? How Do You Fix It?

* A network administrator would like to purchase a device that provides access ports to endpoints and has the ability to route between networks. This means that the device should be able to operate at both the data link layer (layer 2) and the network layer (layer 3) of the OSI model.
* An IPS (intrusion prevention system) is a security device that monitors network traffic and blocks or modifies malicious packets. It operates at the application layer (layer 7) of the OSI model and does not provide access ports or routing functions1.
* A Layer 3 switch is a device that combines the features of a switch and a router. It can forward frames based on MAC addresses at layer 2 and route packets based on IP addresses at layer 3. It also provides access ports to connect endpoints such as computers, printers, and servers. A Layer 3 switch is faster and more efficient than a router because it makes forwarding decisions in hardware using ASICs (application-specific integrated circuits)23.
* A router is a device that connects different networks and routes packets based on IP addresses at layer 3.
It does not provide access ports to endpoints, but rather interfaces to other networks. A router makes forwarding decisions in software, which is slower and less scalable than a Layer 3 switch23.
* A wireless LAN controller is a device that manages and configures wireless access points (WAPs) in a wireless network. It operates at the data link layer (layer 2) and does not provide routing functions. It also does not provide access ports to endpoints, but rather wireless connections4.
* Therefore, the best device for the network administrator to purchase is B. A Layer 3 switch, as it provides access ports to endpoints and has the ability to route between networks.
References:
* Intrusion Prevention Systems - N10-008 CompTIA Network+ : 2.5
* Interface Configurations - N10-008 CompTIA Network+ : 2.3
* Quiz: CompTIA Network+ N10-008 Post-Assessment Quiz
* Wireless LAN Controllers - N10-008 CompTIA Network+ : 2.4

If multiple users in a new building are unable to access the company's intranet site via their web browser but are able to access internet sites, the network administrator can resolve this issue by correcting the DNS server entries in the DHCP scope. The DHCP scope is responsible for assigning IP addresses and DNS server addresses to clients. If the DNS server entries are incorrect, clients will not be able to access intranet sites.
References:
* CompTIA Network+ Certification Study Guide, Exam N10-007, Fourth Edition, Chapter 4: Network Implementations, Objective 4.4: Explain the purpose and properties of DHCP.

Explanation
The default gateway is the IP address of the router that connects the PC to other networks. The default gateway should be on the same subnet as the PC's IPv4 address. However, in this case, the default gateway is
192.168.9.1, which is on a different subnet than the PC's IPv4 address of 192.168.8.15. Therefore, the default gateway configuration on the PC is incorrect and prevents the PC from reaching the file server on another subnet.

Out of band access a smart out of band access Network can be effective at maintaining access to devices even when the production network is down.