Granting SELECT directly is insecure (A). Secure views provide some abstraction but still allow direct SELECT (B). Granting OWNERSHIP gives excessive privileges (D). Stored procedures with EXECUTE AS OWNER or 'EXECUTE AS CALLER , combined with limited schema privileges, offer the best control and security. 'EXECUTE AS OWNER' allows the procedure to run with the privileges of the app itself, bypassing consumer privileges, and 'EXECUTE AS CALLER' uses consumer's priviledges, but still contains the data logic. Both combined, gives the best secure and recommended access control.

Option E is correct because it accurately grants the SELECT privilege and then uses the 'SHOW GRANTS TO ROLE' command to verify the privilege. It also includes a check to ensure the schema, table, and privilege all match the expected values, handling upper/lower case variations. Option A is similar, but has inconsistent index access in the SHOW GRANT results, and its check might be too strict by requiring the role to match. Option B incorrectly accesses the results of SHOW GRANTS, checking the wrong indices. Option C mentions a hypothetical PermissionsClient which is NOT available in Snowflake. The Permissions API does not have 'grant_select' or 'check_privilege' methods like that. Option D uses INFORMATION_SCHEMA which is less reliable in the context of Snowflake Native Applications. The table name case-sensitivity matters with INFORMATION SCHEMA. The Information Schema is dependent on the privileges of the session role.

To ensure consumers receive updates after deploying new versions, the APPLICATION PACKAGE metadata must be refreshed, and consumers must update their application instances. Executing 'ALTER APPLICATION PACKAGE REFRESH' after each deployment (B) updates the Snowflake metadata about the available package versions. Consumers must then refresh their instance using 'ALTER APPLICATION REFRESH;' (C) to pick up the new version. S3 versioning (A) is not directly related to the update process in Snowflake Native Applications, and the APPLICATION ROLE(D) and ownership of integration (E) do not affect update distribution.

Even if the privileges are declared in the manifest file, they must be explicitly granted to the application role in the provider account before a new version is created. The consumer's Snowflake edition might not support all privileges (but the error would be slightly different), SNOWFLAKE.APP INSTALLER role does not exist , regional difference does not matter as such if provider created version after granting the privileges. The application's role in provider account needs required permission using GRANT ON ACCOUNT TO APPLICATION ROLE .

Option C is the correct approach. A version change handler is a dedicated script that runs automatically when a consumer upgrades or downgrades the application. This handler can contain the necessary SQL scripts to migrate data, update schemas, or perform any other actions required during the version transition. Option B executes only during initial installation, not during upgrades. Option A, RBAC, manages permissions but doesn't execute scripts. Option D, Streams and Tasks, could be used, but it's more complex than a version change handler. Option E is used for continuous data loading.