Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
(A) Methergine is given following placental delivery to promote uterine contractions and prevent hemorrhage. Methergine may be administered in this clinical situation, but fundal massage would be the first response. (B) Removal of retained placental fragments is done by the physician and is not the first response. (C) If the fundus rises and is deviated, particularly to theright, the nurse should suspect bladder distention secondary to bladder and urethral trauma associated with birth and decreased bladder tone following delivery. Therefore, women have a diminished sensation to void. (D) A boggy fundus rises and is indicative of blood pooling, predisposing the woman to clot formation. Massage the uterus until firm. Too vigorous massage will result in atonia. Clots may be expelled by a kneading motion of the uterus by the nurse.

Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
(A) RhoGAM is given to Rh-negative mothers to prevent the maternal Rh immune response to fetal Rh- positive antigens. (B) If the infant is Rh positive, the mother will receive another dose postdelivery to prevent maternal sensitization. (C) Prevention of maternal sensitization will protect future pregnancies because the mother's blood will be free of antibodies against her fetus. (D) RhoGAM prevents maternal sensitization to Rh-positive blood.

Explanation
(A) The stones consist of calcium and phosphorus; therefore, these minerals should be avoided. A high-calcium diet is contraindicated. (B) A high-phosphorus diet is contraindicated. (C) A 2-g sodium diet is a cardiac diet. (D) A low-calcium and phosphorus diet will reduce further calculi formation.

Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
(A) Cool air will often relieve pruritus without damaging the cast or irritating the skin. (B) The nurse should never force anything under the cast, because the cast may become damaged and skin breakdown may occur. (C) Forcing an object under the cast could lead to cast damage and skin breakdown. The object may become lodged under the cast necessitating cast removal. (D) This technique does not dislodge skin cells. It could damage the cast and cause skin breakdown.

Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
(A) Cantaloupe is a good source of carbohydrates, vitamin C, and vitamin A (B) Rice contains about 4 g of protein per 200 g. (C) Chicken contains 35 g protein per breast. Chicken is a rich source of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), which is needed for adequate protein synthesis. As protein intake increases, vitamin B6 intake must also be increased. Vitamin B6 is a coenzyme in amino acid metabolism. (D) Green beans only contain 2 g of protein per cup.