Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
(A) A left colostomy indicates an ascending colon resection. This type of colostomy can be irrigated. (B) The stool from an ascending colon resection should be formed. (C) The healthy stoma should be red and slightly raised. If it begins to turn dark or blue, the client should see the physician immediately. (D) The stool in the ascending colon does not usually have many enzymes in it. Stool from an ileostomy has more enzymes and is more irritating to the skin.

Explanation
(A) There is no NPO restriction prior to a liver biopsy. (B) The client would need to hold his breath for 5-10 seconds. (C) There is no pretest laxative given. (D) Following the test, the client is watched for hemorrhage and shock.

Explanation
(A, B, C) The last request from the husband overrides the decision not to initiate resuscitation efforts. (D) The nurse should begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation unless a living will and durable power of attorney are in force. In the meantime, the nurse should talk with the husband and notify the doctor.

Section: Questions Set C
Explanation:
(A) Benztropine is prescribed to decrease or alleviate extrapyramidal side effects of major tranquilizers.
Smooth, coordinated voluntary movement indicates minimal extrapyramidal side effects. (B) Tremors are an extrapyramidal side effect. (C) Rigidity is an extrapyramidal side effect. (D) Muscle weakness is an extrapyramidal side effect.

(A) Amniocentesis can be performed to assess for lung maturity. Fetal ultrasound can be used for gestational dating, although it does not separately determine lung maturity. (B) Ultrasound can evaluate amniotic fluid volume, which may be used to determine congenital anomalies. (C) Amniocentesis involves removal of amniotic fluid for evaluation. The needle, inserted through the abdomen, is guided by ultrasound to avoid needle injuries, and the test evaluates the position of the placenta and the fetus. (D) Amniocentesis can be performed as early as the 15th-17th week of pregnancy.