The technique shown in the example is called heat mapping. It is a technique that can be used to show a range of different perspectives on a business capability map, such as maturity, effectiveness, performance, and value or cost contribution of each capability to the business2. Different attributes determine the colors of each capability on the business capability map. Heat mapping can help to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in the business architecture.

The table describes the steps involved in Phase B (Business Architecture), Phase C (Information Systems Architectures), and Phase D (Technology Architecture) of the TOGAF ADM5. These phases are responsible for developing the target architectures for each domain and identifying the gaps between the baseline and target architectures. The table shows the outputs and outcomes of each phase, as well as the essential knowledge required for each phase.

The development of Business Architecture Descriptions is always iterative because it involves constant refinement and validation of the architecture models and views based on stakeholder feedback and changing requirements. Therefore, any Architecture Description that was created in Phase A may need to be updated in Phase B as new information or insights emerge. Phase B does not require that all Architecture Descriptions be updated, only those that are relevant and necessary for the Business Architecture. Phase B is an ADM Architecture Development phase, but that does not explain why Architecture Descriptions need to be updated. A new value stream may or may not require updating existing Architecture Descriptions depending on its scope and impact.

One of the benefits of information mapping is that it provides a basis to support decision-making throughout the business1. Information mapping is a technique that can be used to document and visualize the information concepts and their relationships that are relevant for the business1. Information mapping can help to identify the information needs, sources, flows, quality, and value of the business, as well as the gaps, issues, and opportunities for improvement1. By providing a clear and consistent view of the information landscape, information mapping can enable better informed and more effective decisions at all levels of the business.

One of the reasons that supports the need to govern Enterprise Architecture is that best practice governance enables the organization to control value realization6. Value realization is the process of ensuring that the expected benefits from implementing an Enterprise Architecture are achieved and sustained over time6. Best practice governance provides a framework and mechanisms for monitoring and evaluating the performance and outcomes of Enterprise Architecture initiatives, as well as ensuring alignment with strategic objectives and stakeholder expectations.