During the order of execution of a Visualforce page GET request, what happens after this step: Evaluate constructors on controllers and extensions?

A developer writes the following Apex trigger so that when a Case is closed, a single Survey record is created for that Case. The issue is that multiple Survey_c records are being created per Case.
trigger CaseTrigger on Case (after insert, after update){ List<Survey_c> createSurveys = new List<Survey_c>(); for (Case c : trigger.new){ if (c.IsClosed
&& (trigger.isInsert II trigger.isUpdate && trigger.oldMap.get(c.Id).IsClosed == false)){ createSurveys.add(new Survey_c(Case_c = c.Id)); } } insert createSurveys; } What could be the cause of this issue?

Universal Containers has a Visualforce page that displays a table every Container_ c being rented by a gives Account.. failing because some of the customers rent over 100,000 containers.
What should a developer change about the Visualforce page to help with the page load errors?

A developer needs to send Account records to an external system for backup purposes. The process must take a snapshot of Accounts as they are saved and then make a callout to a RESTful web service. The web service can only receive, at most, one record per call.
Which feature should be used to implement these requirements?

A company has a custom object, Sales Demo Request, that has a lookup to an Opportunity. It is required that a Sales Demo Request record be created when an Opportunity's Probability is greater than 50%. What is the optimal way to automate this?