Explanation:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/roles/permissions-reference#who-can- reset-passwords

Reference:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/conditional-access/terms-of-use

Explanation:
Microsoft Entra sign-ins must be authenticated by an Active Directory domain controller: Pass-through authentication Active Directory domain users must be able to use Microsoft Entra self-service password reset (SSPR):
Password writeback
Let's break this down step by step based on Microsoft Entra Connect, authentication methods, and SSPR requirements, as outlined in Microsoft Identity and Access Administrator documentation.
Requirement 1: Microsoft Entra sign-ins must be authenticated by an Active Directory domain controller
* Understanding the Requirement:
* The requirement states that Microsoft Entra sign-ins must be authenticated by an on-premises Active Directory domain controller. This means that the authentication process must occur on- premises rather than in the cloud.
* Microsoft Entra Connect supports several authentication methods for hybrid identity:
* Password Hash Synchronization (PHS):Password hashes are synchronized to Microsoft Entra ID, and authentication occurs in the cloud. This does not meet the requirement because the domain controller is not involved in the authentication process.
* Pass-through Authentication (PTA):Users sign in to Microsoft Entra ID, but the authentication request is passed to an on-premises Active Directory domain controller for validation. This meets the requirement because the domain controller performs the authentication.
* Federation with Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS):Users are redirected to an on-premises AD FS server, which authenticates them against the domain controller. This also meets the requirement because the domain controller is involved via AD FS.
* Comparing the Options:
* Federation with Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS):
* AD FS provides federated authentication, where users are redirected to an on-premises AD FS server for authentication. The AD FS server communicates with the domain controller to validate credentials.
* This meets the requirement because the domain controller authenticates the user.
* However, AD FS requires significant infrastructure (e.g., AD FS servers, Web Application Proxy servers) and ongoing maintenance, which increases administrative effort.
* Pass-through Authentication (PTA):
* PTA allows Microsoft Entra ID to pass the authentication request directly to an on- premises domain controller via a lightweight agent installed on a server in the on-premises environment.
* This meets the requirement because the domain controller performs the authentication.
* PTA is simpler to deploy and manage than AD FS. It requires only the Microsoft Entra Connect server and the PTA agent, with no additional infrastructure like AD FS servers.
This aligns with the requirement to "minimize administrative effort."
* Minimizing Administrative Effort:
* The question emphasizes minimizing administrative effort.
* AD FS requires deploying and maintaining a federation infrastructure, including AD FS servers, Web Application Proxy servers, certificates, and load balancers. This involves significant administrative overhead.
* PTA, on the other hand, is lightweight. It uses the existing Microsoft Entra Connect server and a small agent, with no additional infrastructure required. It also supports high availability by allowing multiple PTA agents.
* Therefore, PTA is the better choice to minimize administrative effort while meeting the requirement.
* Conclusion for Requirement 1:
* Both options meet the requirement for domain controller authentication, but PTA is the better choice because it minimizes administrative effort.
* The correct answer for this requirement isPass-through authentication.
Requirement 2: Active Directory domain users must be able to use Microsoft Entra self-service password reset (SSPR)
* Understanding the Requirement:
* The requirement states that Active Directory domain users must be able to use Microsoft Entra self-service password reset (SSPR).
* SSPR allows users to reset their passwords via a web portal (e.g., aka.ms/sspr) without contacting an administrator. In a hybrid environment (with Microsoft Entra Connect), SSPR must be configured to work with on-premises Active Directory accounts.
* For SSPR to work in a hybrid environment, the password reset must be written back to the on- premises Active Directory so that the user's password is updated in both Microsoft Entra ID and Active Directory.
* Understanding the Options:
* Device writeback:
* Device writeback synchronizes device objects (e.g., for Conditional Access or Windows Hello for Business) between Microsoft Entra ID and Active Directory.
* This is unrelated to SSPR or password management.
* Group writeback:
* Group writeback synchronizes Microsoft 365 groups from Microsoft Entra ID to Active Directory, allowing on-premises applications to use these groups.
* This is also unrelated to SSPR or password management.
* Password hash synchronization:
* Password hash synchronization (PHS) synchronizes the hash of a user's Active Directory password to Microsoft Entra ID, enabling cloud authentication.
* While PHS is often used in hybrid environments, it only synchronizes passwords from Active Directory to Microsoft Entra ID (one-way). It does not support writing password changes (e.g., from SSPR) back to Active Directory, which is required for SSPR in a hybrid environment.
* Password writeback:
* Password writeback is a feature of Microsoft Entra Connect that allows password changes made in Microsoft Entra ID (e.g., via SSPR) to be written back to the on-premises Active Directory.
* This is specifically designed for SSPR in hybrid environments. When a user resets their password using SSPR, the new password is written back to Active Directory, ensuring the user's credentials are consistent across both environments.
* Password writeback requires Microsoft Entra ID P1 or P2 licenses and must be enabled in Microsoft Entra Connect.
* SSPR in a Hybrid Environment:
* For SSPR to work for Active Directory domain users, password writeback must be enabled.
Without password writeback, a password reset in Microsoft Entra ID would not update the on- premises Active Directory, rendering the user unable to sign in to on-premises resources.
* Password writeback ensures that when a user resets their password via SSPR, the new password is synchronized to Active Directory, meeting the requirement.
* Conclusion for Requirement 2:
* The only option that enables SSPR for Active Directory domain users in a hybrid environment is Password writeback.
* The other options (Device writeback, Group writeback, Password hash synchronization) do not support writing password changes back to Active Directory, which is necessary for SSPR.
Final Answer Summary:
* Microsoft Entra sign-ins must be authenticated by an Active Directory domain controller:Pass- through authentication (meets the requirement and minimizes administrative effort compared to AD FS).
* Active Directory domain users must be able to use Microsoft Entra self-service password reset (SSPR):Password writeback (required for SSPR in a hybrid environment).
References:
Microsoft Entra Connect documentation: "Choose the right authentication method" (Microsoft Learn:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/identity/hybrid/connect/choose-ad-authn) Microsoft Entra Connect documentation: "Password writeback for SSPR" (Microsoft Learn:https://learn.
microsoft.com/en-us/entra/identity/authentication/howto-sspr-writeback) Microsoft Identity and Access Administrator (SC-300) exam study guide, which covers Microsoft Entra Connect authentication methods and SSPR configuration in hybrid environments.