IaaS entails the cloud customer installing and maintaining the OS, programs, and data; PaaS has the customer installing programs and data; in SaaS, the customer only uploads data. In a community cloud, data and device owners are distributed.

The contract between the provider and customer enhances the customer's trust by holding the provider financially liable for negligence or inadequate service (although the customer remains legally liable for all inadvertent disclosures). Statutes, however, largely leave customers liable. The security control matrix is a tool for ensuring compliance with regulations. HIPAA is a statute.

Explanation
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) sets stringent requirements in the United States for the protection of healthcare records.

Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
Penetration testing involves using the same strategies and toolsets that hackers would use against a system to discovery potential vulnerabilities. Although the term malicious captures much of the intent of penetration testing from the perspective of an attacker, it is not the best answer. Static and dynamic are two types of system testing--where static is done offline and with knowledge of the system, and dynamic is done on a live system without any previous knowledge is associated--but neither describes the type of testing being asked for in the question.