Explanation
One of the key principles of data protection is transparency, which means that individuals have the right to be informed about the collection and use of their personal data. This applies to video surveillance as well, especially in high security areas where the impact on privacy may be significant. Therefore, it is important to inform those affected by video surveillance about the purpose, scope, retention and access policies of the data collected.
References:
* ISACA Certified Data Privacy Solutions Engineer (CDPSE) Exam Content Outline, Domain 2: Privacy Architecture, Task 2.1: Design privacy controls based on privacy principles and legal requirements, Subtask 2.1.1: Identify applicable privacy principles and legal requirements.
* How can we comply with the data protection principles when using surveillance systems? | ICO

Explanation
Awareness campaigns are initiatives that aim to educate and inform employees about the importance of privacy protection, the organization's privacy policies and procedures, the applicable laws and regulations, and the best practices and behaviors to safeguard personal data. Awareness campaigns can support an organization's efforts to create and maintain desired privacy protection practices among employees by raising their awareness, understanding and commitment to privacy, as well as by influencing their attitudes, values and culture. Awareness campaigns can use various methods and channels, such as posters, newsletters, videos, webinars, quizzes, games or events, to deliver consistent and engaging messages to the target audience. The other options are not the best ways to support an organization's efforts to create and maintain desired privacy protection practices among employees. Skills training programs are focused on developing specific technical or functional skills related to privacy, but they may not address the broader aspects of privacy awareness or culture. Performance evaluations are focused on measuring and rewarding individual or team performance based on predefined criteria or objectives, but they may not reflect the actual level of privacy awareness or practice. Code of conduct principles are focused on establishing and enforcing ethical standards and rules of behavior for employees, but they may not be sufficient to create or maintain privacy awareness or practice without effective communication and education1, p. 103-104 References: 1: CDPSE Review Manual (Digital Version)

Explanation
The most useful information for prioritizing database selection for encryption is the asset classification scheme. An asset classification scheme is a system of organizing and categorizing assets based on their value, sensitivity, criticality, or risk level. An asset classification scheme helps to determine the appropriate level of protection or handling for each asset. For example, an asset classification scheme may assign labels such as public, internal, confidential, or secret to different types of data based on their impact if compromised.
Databases that contain higher-classified data should be prioritized for encryption to prevent unauthorized access, disclosure, or modification.
Database administration audit logs, historical security incidents, or penetration test results are also useful information for database security, but they are not the most useful for prioritizing database selection for encryption. Database administration audit logs are records of activities performed by database administrators or other privileged users on the database system. Database administration audit logs help to monitor and verify the actions and changes made by authorized users and detect any anomalies or violations. Historical security incidents are records of events that have compromised or threatened the security of the database system in the past. Historical security incidents help to identify and analyze the root causes, impacts, and lessons learned from previous breaches or attacks. Penetration test results are reports of simulated attacks performed by ethical hackers or security experts on the database system to evaluate its vulnerabilities and defenses. Penetration test results help to discover and exploit any weaknesses or gaps in the database security posture and recommend remediation actions.
References: Data Classification Policy - SANS Institute, Database Security Best Practices - Oracle, [Database Security: An Essential Guide | IBM]

Explanation
A privacy risk assessment is a process of identifying, analyzing and evaluating the privacy risks associated with the collection, use, disclosure or retention of personal data. A privacy risk assessment is the best way to distinguish between a privacy risk and compliance risk, as it would help to determine the likelihood and impact of privacy incidents or breaches that could affect the rights and interests of the data subjects, as well as the legal obligations and responsibilities of the organization. A privacy risk assessment would also help to identify and implement appropriate controls and measures to mitigate or reduce the privacy risks and ensure compliance with privacy principles, laws and regulations. The other options are not as effective as conducting a privacy risk assessment in distinguishing between a privacy risk and compliance risk. Performing a privacy risk audit is a process of verifying and validating the effectiveness and adequacy of the privacy controls and measures implemented by the organization, but it does not necessarily identify or evaluate the privacy risks or compliance risks. Validating a privacy risk attestation is a process of confirming and certifying the accuracy and completeness of the privacy information or statements provided by the organization, but it does not necessarily identify or evaluate the privacy risks or compliance risks. Conducting a privacy risk remediation exercise is a process of implementing corrective actions or improvements to address the identified or reported privacy risks or compliance risks, but it does not necessarily distinguish between them1, p. 66-67 References: 1: CDPSE Review Manual (Digital Version)

Explanation
The proportionality of the data collected for the intended purpose is the most important privacy consideration when developing a contact tracing application. This means that the application should only collect the minimum amount of personal data necessary to achieve the specific and legitimate purpose of preventing and controlling the spread of COVID-191. The application should also ensure that the data collected are relevant, adequate, and not excessive in relation to the purpose2. The application should avoid collecting or processing any data that are not essential for the purpose, such as location data, biometric data, or health data unrelated to COVID-193. The application should also respect the data minimization principle, which requires that the data are kept for no longer than necessary for the purpose4. References:
* European Data Protection Board Guidelines 04/2020 on the use of location data and contact tracing tools in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak
* Article 5(1) of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
* Article 29 Data Protection Working Party Opinion 04/2017 on the Proposed Regulation for the ePrivacy Regulation
* Article 5(1)(e) of the GDPR