The criterion is that the present value of the minimum net lease payments is at least 90% of the fair market value of the asset at the inception of the lease. Another criterion is "the lease transfers ownership in the leased asset to the lessee at the end of the lease term."

Purchase of debt and equity securities of other entities (sale of debt or equity securities of other entities), loans to other entities (collection of loans to other entities) are considered investing activities. However, issuance of debt (bonds and notes) and equity securities are financing cash inflows, and payment of dividend, redemption of debt, and reacquisition of capital stock are financing cash outflows.

P(all three underweight) = 0.025*0.025*0.025 = 0.0000156.

Trade restrictions reduce specialization because they reduce the level of imports, forcing a country to produce a wider variety of goods.