Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
If users have direct access to a database at the system level, risk of unauthorized and untraceable changes to the database increases.

Section: Protection of Information Assets
Explanation:
Old (legacy) systems that have been corrected, adapted and enhanced extensively require reengineering to
remain maintainable. Reengineering is a rebuilding activity to incorporate new technologies into existing
systems. Using program language statements, reverse engineering involves reversing a program's
machine code into the source code in which it was written to identify malicious content in a program, such
as a virus, or to adapt a program written for use with one processor for use with a differently designed
processor. Prototyping is the development of a system through controlled trial and error. Software reuse is
the process of planning, analyzing and using previously developed software components. The reusable
components are integrated into the current software product systematically.