In the IDEAL model, the Diagnosing step is where the success criteria are defined. This step involves understanding the current state and identifying gaps between the current and desired states. It sets the stage for creating action plans to address these gaps and defines the metrics for success.

* Role of Risk Analysis in Test Analysis:
* Risk analysis identifies areas with the highest likelihood and impact of failure, enabling the test team to focus on critical functionalities.
* It is used to determine test conditions that must be addressed to mitigate risks effectively.
* Evaluation of Options:
* Ais incorrect as determining test execution order happens during test execution, not analysis.
* Bis correct because selecting test conditions is part of test analysis influenced by risk levels.
* Crelates to reporting and is unrelated to test analysis.
* Dpertains to defect management, not test analysis.
References and Syllabus Alignment:
* This aligns with risk-based testing as described in "Risk Analysis and Risk-Based Testing" (TM-1.3.1).

Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:

The hybrid approach demands alignment between traditional and Agile practices. The Test Manager mustfirst ensure the team is capable of combining structured process with Agile adaptability. This aligns with the guidance that in hybrid models, one must balance flexibility with formal test planning and risk management strategies, especially during the transition phase .

An analytical test strategy is a test strategy that is based on the analysis of the factors that affect the quality of the software under test, such as the requirements, the risks, the complexity, or the criticality1. An analytical test strategy uses these factors to define the test objectives, scope, approach, and techniques, as well as to prioritize and allocate the test resources2. Reporting the test results as "Requirements tested, passed, and failed" implies that the testing is driven by the requirements, which are the specifications of the desired features and functions of the software under test. Testing based on the requirements is an example of an analytical test strategy, as it uses the requirements as the main factor to guide the testing activities. Therefore, option C is the correct answer. Option A is incorrect because a model-based test strategy is a test strategy that uses models to represent the desired behavior and structure of the software under test, and to derive test cases, test data, test procedures, and test oracles. A model-based test strategy does not necessarily report the test results as "Requirements tested, passed, and failed", as it may use other types of models, such as state diagrams, data flow diagrams, or decision tables, to generate and execute the tests. Option B is incorrect because an exploratory test strategy is a test strategy that uses the tester's knowledge, skills, and creativity to design and execute tests dynamically, without predefined test cases or test procedures. An exploratory test strategy does not report the test results as "Requirements tested, passed, and failed", as it does not follow a formal or structured testing process, but rather relies on the tester's intuition, experience, and feedback.
Option D is incorrect because a reactive test strategy is a test strategy that uses the actual behavior and results of the software under test to design and execute tests, without prior knowledge or documentation of the software. A reactive test strategy does not report the test results as "Requirements tested, passed, and failed", as it does not have any requirements or specifications to compare the software against, but rather uses the software itself as the test basis. References: 1: ISTQB Glossary, Analytical Test Strategy 2: ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager Syllabus, Section 1.1.1 : ISTQB Glossary, Requirement : ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager Syllabus, Section 1.1.1 : ISTQB Glossary, Model-Based Testing : ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager Syllabus, Section 1.1.1 : ISTQB Glossary, Exploratory Testing : ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager Syllabus, Section 1.1.1 : ISTQB Glossary, Reactive Test Strategy : ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager Syllabus, Section 1.1.1 : Test Strategy | ISTQB Glossary : Test Strategy - ISTQB not-for-profit association