Agile development is a flexible, iterative approach to software development that allows continuous testing, feedback, and adjustments. In this scenario, the organization is developing a consumer-profiling tool and has concerns about its ability to accurately capture and process data. By using an iterative approach, the team ensures that the software is continuously refined and improved.
This contrasts with Waterfall development (which follows a linear, step-by-step approach without iteration) and quality assurance (which is a process within development, not a methodology itself).
* Agile Manifesto (2001) - Emphasizes iterative development, collaboration, and continuous improvement.
* Ethical Software Development (IEEE/ACM Standards) - Encourages adaptive methodologies to ensure fairness, accuracy, and responsible AI.
* Privacy by Design (GDPR, Cavoukian, 1995) - Agile allows real-time testing and mitigation of data privacy risks.
* Utilitarian Ethics in Software Engineering - Agile development maximizes benefits by improving software accuracy and efficiency.
Relevant Ethical References in Technology:Thus, the correct answer is D. Agile development, as it supports continuous testing and adjustment of software capabilities.

Confidentiality ensures that only authorized personnel have access to sensitive information.
Why Confidentiality Was Violated?
* Payroll information is sensitive and should be accessible only to authorized employees.
* The erroneous access granted to new hires means private financial information is at risk.
* Confidentiality is a fundamental principle in cybersecurity, ensuring that data is accessed only by those who need it.
* A. Availability - Ensures systems remain operational, but this case concerns unauthorized access, not system downtime.
* B. Accessibility - Relates to making data usable for authorized individuals, but this case involves an unauthorized access issue.
* C. Integrity - Ensures data remains accurate and unaltered, but the issue here is privacy, not data accuracy.
Why Not the Other Options?Thus, the correct answer is D. Confidentiality, as it ensures that only authorized users can access sensitive information.
* National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework.
* ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems.
References in Ethics in Technology:

Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE) is a digital system that allows healthcare providers to enter medication orders electronically, reducing errors related to handwriting and incomplete prescriptions.
Why CPOE?
* Eliminates handwriting misinterpretation errors.
* Ensures complete medication details, reducing omissions.
* Often integrates decision support tools, warning about drug interactions and incorrect dosages.
* B. Health Information Exchange (HIE): Shares patient records across providers but does not focus on medication ordering.
* C. Electronic Medical Record (EMR): Digitizes patient records but does not prevent prescription errors directly.
* D. Clinical Decision Support (CDS): Helps providers make better decisions but does not replace the ordering process like CPOE does.
Why Not the Other Options?Thus, the correct answer is A. Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE), as it directly addresses prescription errors.
* Bates, D. W. et al. (1998). Effect of Computerized Physician Order Entry and a Team Intervention on Prevention of Serious Medication Errors.
* Institute of Medicine (2000). To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health System.
References in Ethics in Technology: