In an MPLS BGPVPN networking that does not enable MPLS penultimate hop pop-up technology. When the message reaches the last hop PE, the message has two layers of labels, and the two layers of label values can be the same.

The link quality of a company's network is poor, often failures lead to route oscillation, and even occasionally there are routing loops, in order to prevent the recurrence of these phenomena, the network administrator decided to deploy URPF in the whole network to improve the stability of the network

What are the problems with manually creating static VXLAN tunnels in campus networks? Multi-select

There is an existing router interface serial 0 in OSPF area 1 , well will interface Serial 0 is set to silent interface. So what is the impact of this setting?

IGMP SSMMapping is bound to multicast through a static multicast source, so that members of IGMPv1 and IGMP2 can also access the SSM multicast network. The following statement about IGMPSSMMapping is wrong?( Radio).