For monitoring channels, OSC and ESC can coexist in one network.

A subnet mask is a 32-bit address consisting of a string of 1s followed by a string of 0s, such as:
255.255.0.255 is a valid subnet mask.

K1 and K2 bytes can send APS switching signaling or indicate that the multiplexed segment signal is invalid.

Which of the following local maintenance terminals can be used to manage MSTP equipment?

For alignment; Indicates the starting position of VC-n in the corresponding AU or TU frame. * This way: The receiver can correctly remove the corresponding VC from STM-N, and then The VC and C packages are separated into separate low-rate signals, such as PDH, which means that the low-rate path signal can be dropped directly from the STM-N signal.