In the non-aggregated OTU processing SDH standard signal scenario, both A and B are WDM stations, and the R_Los alarm is detected on the client side of the OTU of the A station. After the alarm is processed on the WDM side of the OTU, the client side of the downstream B station detects and reports the REM_SF alarm, and the B station transmits the signal to the downstream client device and reports the R_LOS alarm to the client device.

Which of the following is not included in an ASON network?

The causes of discrete services are as follows:

Which of the following local maintenance terminals can be used to manage MSTP equipment?

The basic principles of STP device fault location are? (Multiple choice)