Antitrust law addresses restraints of trade. Some types of arrangements are considered automatic violations. These violations may include price fixing, division of markets, group boycotts, and resale price maintenance. Agreeing to submit identical bids on a government contract is a form of price fixing.

A criterion that requires all customer inquiries to be answered within 7 days of receipt permits accurate measurement of performance. The quantitative and specific nature of the appraisal using this standard avoids the vagueness, subjectivity, and personal bias that may afflict other forms of personnel evaluations.

Process function) benchmarking studies operations of organizations with similar processes regardless of industry. Thus, the benchmark need not be a competitor Or even a similar entity}. This method may introduce new ideas that provide a significant competitive advantage. The advantage of process benchmarking is that it permits a wider choice of benchmarked organizations. Thus, the best practices for a shipping and receiving function may not be found in the same industry}.

Explanation