Section: Security Operation Adimnistration
Explanation/Reference:
A security policy is an important document to develop while designing an information system. The security policy begins with the organization's basic commitment to information security formulated as a general policy statement.
The policy is then applied to all aspects of the system design or security solution. The policy identifies security goals (e.g., confidentiality, integrity, availability, accountability, and assurance) the system should support, and these goals guide the procedures, standards and controls used in the IT security architecture design.
The policy also should require definition of critical assets, the perceived threat, and security-related roles and responsibilities.
Source: STONEBURNER, Gary & al, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), NIST Special Publication 800-27, Engineering Principles for Information Technology Security (A Baseline for Achieving Security), June 2001 (page 6).

Section: Analysis and Monitoring
Explanation/Reference:
Source: KRUTZ, Ronald L. & VINES, Russel D., The CISSP Prep Guide: Mastering the Ten Domains of Computer Security, 2001, John Wiley & Sons, Page 49.

Explanation/Reference:
Access controls are meant to protect facilities and computers as well as people.
In some situations, the objectives of physical access controls and the protection of people's lives may come into conflict. In theses situations, a person's life always takes precedence.
Many physical security controls make entry into and out of a facility hard, if not impossible. However, special consideration needs to be taken when this could affect lives. In an information processing facility, different types of locks can be used and piggybacking should be prevented, but the issue here with automatic locks is that they can either be configured as fail-safe or fail-secure.
Since there should only be one access door to an information processing facility, the automatic lock to the only door to a man-operated room must be configured to allow people out in case of emergency, hence to be fail-safe (sometimes called fail-open), meaning that upon fire alarm activation or electric power failure, the locking device unlocks. This is because the solenoid that maintains power to the lock to keep it in a locked state fails and thus opens or unlocks the electronic lock.
Fail Secure works just the other way. The lock device is in a locked or secure state with no power applied.
Upon authorized entry, a solinoid unlocks the lock temporarily. Thus in a Fail Secure lock, loss of power of fire alarm activation causes the lock to remain in a secure mode.
Reference(s) used for this question:
Harris, Shon (2012-10-18). CISSP All-in-One Exam Guide, 6th Edition (p. 451). McGraw-Hill. Kindle Edition.
and
Hernandez CISSP, Steven (2012-12-21). Official (ISC)2 Guide to the CISSP CBK, Third Edition ((ISC)2 Press) (Kindle Locations 20249-20251). Auerbach Publications. Kindle Edition.

Section: Security Operation Adimnistration
Explanation/Reference:
A security policy would NOT define how hardware and software should be used throughout the organization. A standard or a procedure would provide such details but not a policy.
A security policy is a formal statement of the rules that people who are given access to anorganization's technology and information assets must abide. The policy communicates the security goals to all of the users, the administrators, and the managers. The goals will be largely determined by the following key tradeoffs:
services offered versus security provided, ease of use versus security, and cost of security versus risk of loss.
The main purpose of a security policy is to inform the users, the administrators and the managers of their obligatory requirements for protecting technology and information assets.
The policy should specify the mechanisms through which these requirements can be met. Another purpose is to provide a baseline from which to acquire, configure and audit computer systems and networks for compliance with the policy. In order for a security policy to be appropriate and effective, it needs to have the acceptance and support of all levels of employees within the organization. A good security policy must:
* Be able to be implemented through system administration procedures, publishing of acceptable use guidelines, or other appropriate methods
* Be able to be enforced with security tools, where appropriate, and with sanctions, where actual prevention is not technically feasible
* Clearly define the areas of responsibility for the users, the administrators, and the managers
* Be communicated to all once it is established
* Be flexible to the changing environment of a computer network since it is a living document Reference(s) used for this question:
National Security Agency, Systems and Network Attack Center (SNAC),The 60 Minute Network Security Guide, February 2002, page 7.
or
A local copy is kept at:
https://www.freepracticetests.org/documents/The%2060%20Minute%20Network%20Security%20Guide.pdf

"one-time password" provides maximum security because a new password is
required for each new log-on.
Source: KRUTZ, Ronald L. & VINES, Russel D., The CISSP Prep Guide: Mastering the
Ten Domains of Computer Security, 2001, John Wiley & Sons, Page 36.