The DNS logging tool deployed by the network administrator is designed to monitor and log suspicious websites that users visit and generate daily reports. This functionality is best categorized as a detective control, which focuses on identifying and recording suspicious or unauthorized activities to facilitate further analysis and response.
* It does not actively stop activities (as a preventive control would).
* It identifies suspicious behavior after it has occurred.
* It helps in detecting patterns or potential security issues for future mitigation.
* A. Preventive: Preventive controls are designed to stop or mitigate risks before they occur, such as firewalls or access control mechanisms. This DNS tool does not actively block access to suspicious websites.
* B. Deterrent: Deterrent controls discourage malicious behavior by influencing potential attackers (e.g., warning banners or security cameras). While the tool might have an indirect deterrent effect, its primary purpose is to detect and log activity.
* C. Corrective: Corrective controls address and mitigate the effects of a security incident after it has occurred. The DNS logging tool does not remediate or correct issues; it only identifies them.
Characteristics of a Detective Control:Why not the other options?Conclusion:The DNS logging tool serves as a detective control by identifying and reporting on suspicious activity, aiding in monitoring and potential investigation.

Data classification is a process of categorizing data based on its level of sensitivity, value, and impact to the organization if compromised. Data classification helps to determine the appropriate security controls and policies to protect the data from unauthorized access, disclosure, or modification. Different organizations may use different data classification schemes, but a common one is the four-tier model, which consists of the following categories: public, private, sensitive, and critical.
Public data is data that is intended for public access and disclosure, and has no impact to the organization if compromised. Examples of public data include marketing materials, press releases, and public web pages.
Private data is data that is intended for internal use only, and has a low to moderate impact to the organization if compromised. Examples of private data include employee records, financial reports, and internal policies.
Sensitive data is data that is intended for authorized use only, and has a high impact to the organization if compromised. Examples of sensitive data include personal information, health records, and intellectual property.
Critical data is data that is essential for the organization's operations and survival, and has a severe impact to the organization if compromised. Examples of critical data include encryption keys, disaster recovery plans, and system backups.
Patient data is a type of sensitive data, as it contains personal and health information that is protected by law and ethical standards. Patient data should be used only by authorized personnel for legitimate purposes, and should be secured from unauthorized access, disclosure, or modification. Therefore, the systems administrator should use the sensitive data classification to secure patient data.
References = CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 Certification Study Guide, page 90-91; Professor Messer's CompTIA SY0-701 Security+ Training Course, video 5.5 - Data Classifications, 0:00 - 4:30.

Explanation
Shadow IT is the term used to describe the use of unauthorized or unapproved IT resources within an organization. The marketing department set up its own project management software without telling the appropriate departments, such as IT, security, or compliance. This could pose a risk to the organization's security posture, data integrity, and regulatory compliance1.
References: CompTIA Security+ Study Guide: Exam SY0-701, 9th Edition, Chapter 2, page 35.