A mutual fund manager believes that a new research method will provide better returns for clients. The manager's historical monthly return prior to the new research method was 0.46%. After the manager began using the new method the monthly return was 0.57%. After running a hypothesis test, the manager saw that the one sided p-value was 0.029. Assuming a 95% confidence level, which of the conclusions below would be correct?

Individual orange farmers in a country decide to pool their advertising money and collectively release a new series of advertisements for oranges. Why would the farmers do this?

During a prolonged recession, a hotel chain sees reservations at one of its locations decline by five percent. The chain soon decides to close that location. Why would a small change in capacity utilization have this effect?

A government is considering issuing a fixed number of permits allowing firms to pollute. When would this system fail to reduce pollution?

A financial planning software company has earned large profits for the past four years, attracting new entrants to the market. What effect does the new competition have on the original company's market?