Explanation
The following is the table for the data types in Tableau along with their icons:

Explanation
According to the official Tableau documentation:
Tableau packaged workbooks have the .twbx file extension. A packaged workbook is a single zip file that contains a workbook along with any supporting local file data and background images. This format is the best way to package your work for sharing with others who don't have access to the original data. For more information, see Packaged Workbooks.

Explanation
Distribution Pane
Explanation
This is the Analytics pane! Read more from the official documentation below:

Explanation
THIS IS A VERY IMPORTANT QUESTION
To answer this question, you need to understand Tableau's Order of Operations. See below and remember this always:

Explanation
Data blending simulates a traditional left join. The main difference between the two is when the aggregation is performed. A join combines the data and then aggregates. A blend aggregates and then combines the data.
From the official website: