Three companies are quoted on the New York Stock Exchange. The following data applies:

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A listed company is financed by debt and equity.
If it increases the proportion of debt in its capital structure it would be in danger of breaching a debt covenant imposed by one of its lenders.
The following data is relevant:

The company now requires $800 million additional funding for a major expansion programme.
Which of the following is the most appropriate as a source of finance for this expansion programme?

Select the most appropriate divided for each of the following statements:

On 1 January:
* Company X has a value of $50 million
* Company Y has a value of $20 million
* Both companies are wholly equity financed
Company X plans to take over Company Y by means of a share exchange. Following the acquisition the post-tax cashflow of Company X for the foreseeable future is estimated to be $8 million each year. The post-acquisition cost of equity is expected to be 10%.
What is the best estimate of the value of the synergy that would arise from the acquisition?

A company has stable earnings of S2 million and its shares are currently trading on a price earnings multiple
{PIE) of 10 times. It has10 million shares in issue.
The company is raising S4 million debt finance to fund an expansion of its existing business which is forecast to increase annual earnings straight away by 25% and then remain at that level for the foreseeable future. The corporation tax rate is 20%. It is expected that the P/E will reduce to 8 times over the next year.
What is the most likely change in shareholder wealth resulting from this plan?