One-off contract is the type of contract that relates to a single purchase. One-off contracts can be used for goods, services or works. One-off contract can be simple (such as buying a small number of office stationeries) or complex (such as a construction project or buying an aircraft).
A one-off contract lasts "until completion of the obligations of the parties". The performance is unlikely to be improved during contract performance since the duration is relatively shorter than framework agreement or call-off contract.
Ad-hoc purchase is an item bought for a single and non-recurring use or purpose. Ad-hoc purchase is a type of one-off contract.
Reference:
LO 1, AC 1.3

The difference between cost and price is profit. According to Michael E.
Porter, the profitability of an industry is shaped by five forces:
1. Competition in the industry
2. Potential of new entrants into the industry
3. Power of suppliers
4. Power of customers
5. Threat of substitute products
The Question: only mentions
external factor, then business strategy is not accepted.
Reference:
LO 3, AC 3.3

In order to form a contract to come into being, there are five conditions:
- Offer
- Acceptance
- Consideration
- Intention to be legally bound
- Capacity to contract
Reference:
LO 1, AC 1.2

Once a valid acceptance takes place, a binding contract is formed. It is therefore important to know what constitutes a valid acceptance in order to establish if the parties are bound by the agreement. There are three main rules relating to acceptance:
1. The acceptance must be communicated to the offeree.
2. The terms of the acceptance must exactly match the terms of the offer.
3. The agreement must be certain.
Among the answers:
"The person says that she will think about it overnight" does not match the terms of the offer. The offeree does not assure that she will accept the offer.
"The person asks for a lower price": This is a counter-offer.
"The person states that she is able to pay the offered price" is not certain. The offeree merely provides information on her financial ability.
Reference:
- Contractual agreement - offer and acceptance
- CIPS study guide page 33-35
LO 1, AC 1.2

BS 7373-1:2001 Product specifications. Guide to preparation gives guidance on layout, preparation and management. The subject has been treated in a generic way and guidance can be used in the preparation of all types.
BS 5864:2019 is the standard for installation and maintenance of gas-fired ducted air heaters of rated heat input not exceeding 70 kW net (2nd and 3rd family gases). Specification BS 5975:2019 is the standard for code of practice for temporary works procedures and the permissible stress design of falsework.
BS EN 60601-1-11:2015 is the standard for medical electrical equipment. General requirements for basic safety and essential performance. Collateral Standard: Requirements for medical electrical equipment and medical electrical systems used in the home healthcare environment.
Reference:
- BSI website
- CIPS study guide page 90-92
LO 2, AC 2.1