The goal of Value Stream Map is to optimize the flow of information or materials required to complete a process, thereby reducing the time it takes to create value and eliminating wasteful or unnecessary work. In value stream mapping, we create a visual map of a process flow, so that we can identify where delays, waste, and constraints are occurring. Once we identify the areas that could be improved in the process, we can then look for ways to remove those problems and make the process more efficient.

Velocity is a team-specific metric and cannot be reliably estimated until the team has worked together for several sprints. According to the PMI Agile Practice Guide (Section 5.4 Sprint Planning and Velocity Tracking), velocity should be measured empirically, not predicted based on assumptions or external input.
Mike Griffiths (PMI-ACP Exam Prep Book, Chapter 6: Adaptive Planning) emphasizes that new teams need to run a few sprints to establish a reliable velocity through real performance data, not estimation.
* Option D is correct: actual performance determines true velocity.
* Option A and B rely on speculation.
* Option C incorrectly uses sponsor input for team planning, which goes against agile principles.