Under the FIDIC Red Book (both 1999 and 2017 editions), the Employer is responsible for the design of the Works. This design is primarily communicated to the Contractor through key technical documents included in the Contract.
Option B (Specifications) is correct because Specifications define the technical requirements, standards, materials, workmanship, and performance criteria. They are a core component of the design documentation and directly guide how the Works are to be executed.
Option A (Bill of Quantities) is also correct. While primarily used for measurement and payment, the Bill of Quantities is derived from the design and reflects the quantified scope of the Works. It is intrinsically linked to the design and provides a structured breakdown of the elements required to construct the Works.
Option C is incorrect because the Breakdown of Lump-Sum is relevant to lump-sum contracts (e.g., Silver Book), not the Red Book's remeasurement approach.
Option D is incorrect as the Schedule of Subcontractors relates to execution planning, not design.
Option E is incorrect because the Contract Agreement is a legal document formalizing the contract, not a design document.
Thus, in Red Book contracts, the design basis is fundamentally established through the Specifications and the Bill of Quantities, supported typically by Drawings (though not listed here).

Under FIDIC 2017 (Clause 4.4 [Subcontractors]), the Contractor is generally permitted to subcontract parts of the Works, but subject to specific controls and limitations.
Option B is correct. FIDIC expressly provides that the Contractor shall not subcontract the whole of the Works without prior consent of the Engineer. This ensures that the Contractor remains the primary responsible party and does not transfer the entire contractual obligation to others without oversight.
Option D is also correct. The Contract Data may specify certain portions of the Works that cannot be subcontracted, preserving critical elements under the direct responsibility of the Contractor.
Option A is incorrect because only the Engineer's consent is generally required for subcontracting (not both Engineer and Employer), except in specific cases defined in the Contract.
Option C is incorrect because the Contractor remains fully responsible for the acts, defaults, and neglect of all Subcontractors, as if they were the Contractor's own actions. This is a fundamental FIDIC principle ensuring a single point of responsibility.
These provisions maintain control, accountability, and quality assurance in project execution while allowing flexibility in subcontracting arrangements.

The Contractor may submit Value Engineering proposals to improve efficiency or reduce costs; however, it is not an absolute contractual obligation to submit such proposals. Also, the preparation of these proposals is generally at the Contractor's own cost initially. If the proposal is accepted and results in a Variation, then adjustments to the Contract Price may occur, potentially reimbursing the Contractor.
Thus, both statements are false.
References:
FIDIC Red, Yellow, Silver Books 1999 & 2017 Editions, Sub-Clause 13.1 - Value Engineering FIDIC Contract Manager Study Guide, Module on Variations and Value Engineering

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
Option B is correct: The Contract Data provides information required by specific Sub-Clauses in the General Conditions to complete the contract.
Option D is correct: If required data is missing in the Contract Data, some Sub-Clauses may not apply.
Option A is incorrect; definitions generally apply throughout the contract including Specifications and Drawings.
Option C is incorrect; case sensitivity of terms can affect contractual meaning.
References:
FIDIC Red Book 2017 Edition, Sub-Clause 1.1 - Definitions and Contract Data FIDIC Contract Manager Study Guide, Module on Contract Documents

Under both FIDIC Red and Yellow Books (1999 and 2017 editions), the Engineer is defined as the person appointed by the Employer to carry out duties assigned under the Contract (Clause 3). However, FIDIC does not prescribe any specific qualification, such as requiring the Engineer to have a formal technical education.
The contract focuses on the role and functions of the Engineer rather than formal credentials. The Engineer is expected to act as a professional administrator of the contract, performing duties such as issuing instructions, certifying payments, making determinations, and acting neutrally when required (especially under FIDIC
2017, Clause 3.7). While in practice Engineers are typically qualified professionals (often engineers by training), this is a matter of industry practice, not a contractual requirement.
FIDIC intentionally avoids prescribing qualifications to allow flexibility for the Employer in appointing a suitable representative with the necessary competence and experience for the specific project. The emphasis is on capability and impartiality, rather than formal academic credentials.
Therefore, the statement is false because FIDIC contracts do not mandate that the Engineer must have received technical education