Packet Capture: This method captures and inspects network traffic to identify unauthorized downloads or malicious behavior. It provides detailed insight into the data being transmitted, making it the best tool for this scenario.

Bottlenecking occurs when a device in the network (such as an IPS) cannot process traffic efficiently, resulting in a dramatic drop in throughput. The significant difference between the firewall's speed (48.8 Mbps down) and the end-user devices' speeds (4.8 - 5.2 Mbps down) indicates a bottleneck caused by the IPS.
*Why not the other options?
*Packet loss (A) - Would typically cause connection timeouts, not just slow speeds.
*Channel overlap (C) - Affects only wireless networks, but the wired desktop is also experiencing slow speeds.
*Network congestion (D) - Would show fluctuations in both upload and download speeds, but upload speeds remain unaffected.
Reference:
CompTIA Network+ (N10-009) Official Guide - Chapter 13: Network Performance Optimization

Single Sign-On (SSO)enables users to authenticate once and gain access to multiple systems without needing to log in separately to each one. This streamlines the user experience and improves security management across systems.
Reference:Section 3.5 - Network Access and Management Methods - "SSO (Single Sign-On)"

nmap (Network Mapper) is the best tool in this scenario. It can scan the 192.168.1.0/24 subnet to discover live hosts, open ports (like Telnet on port 23), and device types. It's ideal for mapping and auditing the network.
A). dig is a DNS lookup tool; not useful for identifying hosts on a subnet.
C). tracert shows the path packets take to a destination, not for host discovery.
D). telnet is the protocol being used, not a tool for scanning or identifying devices.
# Reference:
CompTIA Network+ N10-009 Official Objectives: 5.1 - Given a scenario, use the appropriate network troubleshooting tools.

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is used for routing data between different ISPs, making it essential for the functioning of the internet. Its primary use is for exchanging routing information between autonomous systems, especially different ISPs. Preventing loops within a LAN is handled by protocols like Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), while improving reconvergence times and sharing routes with a Layer 3 switch are functions of other protocols or internal mechanisms.