When developing a shell script intended for interpretation in Bash, the interpreter /bin/bash should be explicitly specified. Which of the following character combinations should be used on the first line of the script to accomplish this goal?

A penetration tester discovered a vulnerability that provides the ability to upload to a path via directory traversal. Some of the files that were discovered through this vulnerability are:

Which of the following is the BEST method to help an attacker gain internal access to the affected machine?

A penetration tester wrote the following script to be used in one engagement:

Which of the following actions will this script perform?

In the process of active service enumeration, a penetration tester identifies an SMTP daemon running on one of the target company's servers. Which of the following actions would BEST enable the tester to perform phishing in a later stage of the assessment?

A penetration tester discovers that a web server within the scope of the engagement has already been compromised with a backdoor. Which of the following should the penetration tester do NEXT?