Explanation: A 401(k) contribution is a voluntary deduction from gross earnings. That is, employees are not required to have this money taken out of their paycheck. The other answer choices are statutory deductions, meaning they are required by law.

Explanation: Organization development is the process by which a human resources professional analyzes the elements of an organization's makeup and considers opportunities for improvement. Answer choice A is incorrect because the definition refers more to organization culture than it does to organization development. And answer choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they refer to elements of organization development but do not explain the larger definition of the process as a whole.

Explanation: According to Title III of the Consumer Credit Protection Act of 1968, up to 50 percent of an employee's income may be garnished for child support payments, if the employee is responsible for supporting a child or a spouse. All other answer choices-15 percent, 25 percent, and 35 percent-are too low.

Explanation: In Alderfer's theory of motivation, the letters ERG stand for existence, relatedness, and growth. Like Maslow, Alderfer asserted that basic needs must be met before a person can attend to more sophisticated desires. Whereas Maslow defined the hierarchy of needs, in ascending levels of importance, as physiological, safety, love, status, and esteem, Alderfer reduced it to three. The first, existence, refers to all the activities aimed at maintaining life. The second, relatedness, refers to the need for connection with other people. The third, growth, is the innate human desire for personal evolution.

Explanation: A representation petition must be completed at least 30 days in advance of a planned union picketing. Failing to submit the petition within this time frame can result in the petition being unrecognized and thus being deemed an unfair labor practice. Among the answer choices, 15 days is obviously too short of a notice, and both 45 days and 60 days exceed the legal expectation. The union may, of course, notify that far in advance, but it is not necessary.