The image depicts a flow chart that outlines the steps and timeline of a project, which is characteristic of a Gantt chart. A Gantt chart is used for project management to display the phases or tasks of a project and their respective timelines, allowing managers to track progress visually. In contrast, PERT (Program Evaluation Review Technique) charts are network diagrams used for scheduling, organizing, and coordinating tasks within a project; Pareto charts visualize the frequency of problems or causes in a process; Shewhart charts are control charts used in statistical quality control. References: ASQ Certified Manager Of Quality/Organizational Excellence Handbook

A cyclical chart indicates a recurring pattern or cycle. It suggests that the data follows a regular sequence of ups and downs, repeating over time. This type of chart is often observed in economic indicators, stock market trends, and other phenomena with periodic fluctuations. In quality management, understanding the cyclical nature of processes can help organizations anticipate variations and plan accordingly2. References:
* ASQ Certified Manager of Quality/Organizational Excellence
* ASQ Certified Manager of Quality/Organizational Excellence

The quality manager's recommendation involves spending $10,000 to eliminate product failures that currently cost the company $15,000 per year. To determine the expected return on investment (ROI), we use the formula mentioned above. The annual savings from eliminating failures are $15,000, and the investment cost is
$10,000. Calculating the ROI yields a value of 150%, indicating a positive return on the proposed investment12.
References:
* The ASQ Certified Manager of Quality/Organizational Excellence Handbook, Fifth Edition. Sandra L.
Furterer and Douglas C. Wood. Published 2021. ISBN: 9781951058067. Item Number: H1569.
* ASQ Certified Manager of Quality/Organizational Excellence (CMQ/OE) Body of Knowledge (BoK). ASQ Quality Press.13