Band Steering: This technology enables wireless devices to connect to the most optimal frequency band (2.4 GHz or 5 GHz) by encouraging capable devices to switch to the less congested 5 GHz band. This improves overall network performance and prevents overcrowding on the 2.4 GHz band.
Wireless LAN controller (B): This manages multiple access points in a network but does not handle frequency optimization.
Directional antenna (C): This focuses the signal in a specific direction but does not affect frequency selection.
Autonomous access point (D): This operates independently but lacks advanced features like band steering.
Reference:

Power over Ethernet (PoE) delivers power to devices such as VoIP phones over the same cables used for data.
If the total power requirement of connected devices exceeds the PoE power budget of the switch or injector, some devices may not receive adequate power and could intermittently reboot. This issue would not affect the workstation, which is likely receiving power separately. References: CompTIA Network+ Exam Objectives and official study guides.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
Malwarerefers toany malicious softwarethat canexfiltrate confidential data, includingspyware, trojans, and rootkits. This fits the scenario whereunauthorized data transferis occurring.
Breakdown of Options:
* A. Adware- Displaysads, doesnot typically steal data.
* B. Ransomware- Encrypts filesbut does not exfiltrate data.
* C. Darkware-Not a real cybersecurity term.
* D. Malware-Correct answer.Malicious software is responsible for unauthorized data exfiltration.

Understanding Switches:
Layer 2 (Data Link Layer): Traditional switches operate primarily at Layer 2, where they use MAC addresses to forward frames within a local network.
Layer 3 (Network Layer): Layer 3 switches, also known as multilayer switches, can perform routing functions using IP addresses to forward packets between different networks.
Capabilities of Multilayer Switches:
VLANs and Inter-VLAN Routing: Multilayer switches can handle VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) configurations and perform inter-VLAN routing, enabling communication between different VLANs.
Routing Protocols: They can run routing protocols like OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) and EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) to manage traffic between networks.